A recent close encounter between a Chinese satellite and a Starlink spacecraft has triggered a major operational change for SpaceX, with more than 4,000 Starlink satellites now set to operate at lower altitudes to reduce collision risks in low Earth orbit.
Researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Software reported that the near miss was a key factor behind SpaceX’s decision to reconfigure a large portion of its constellation. According to reporting cited by the South China Morning Post, the incident raised concerns about congestion and maneuvering risks as satellite numbers continue to grow rapidly.
Starlink satellites previously operating at around 550 kilometers will be gradually lowered to approximately 480 kilometers, or roughly 300 miles above Earth’s surface. SpaceX vice president of engineering Michael Nicolls confirmed the plan publicly, stating that the move is intended to improve overall space safety.
“Starlink is beginning a significant reconfiguration of its satellite constellation focused on increasing space safety,” Nicolls wrote on X. “We are lowering all Starlink satellites orbiting at approximately 550 kilometers to around 480 kilometers, covering about 4,400 satellites over the course of 2026. The process is being closely coordinated with other operators, regulators, and U.S. Space Command.”
The adjustment comes as low Earth orbit becomes increasingly crowded. Estimates suggest there are now roughly 15,000 satellites in orbit, most operating between 500 and 1,000 kilometers in altitude. Starlink alone accounts for more than 9,000 operational satellites, making it the single largest constellation in space. Regulatory approvals from the U.S. Federal Communications Commission could eventually allow Starlink to expand to more than 19,000 satellites, with longer-term plans reaching as high as 34,400.
Other major players are also preparing large deployments. Amazon’s Project Kuiper and China’s SpaceSail constellation both plan to place thousands of satellites into similar orbital bands, intensifying concerns about collision risk, debris generation, and long-term sustainability of low Earth orbit.
Lowering orbital altitude offers a clear safety benefit. Satellites operating closer to Earth experience increased atmospheric drag, which naturally helps deorbit failed spacecraft more quickly and reduces the long-term buildup of space debris. However, the change is not without tradeoffs. Chinese researchers noted that satellites at lower altitudes experience significantly higher orbital decay, meaning they must use more onboard fuel to maintain position. Without frequent adjustments, satellites risk premature reentry and loss.
Despite the added fuel demands, SpaceX appears willing to accept the cost in exchange for reduced collision risk. As satellite mega-constellations continue to expand, altitude management is increasingly seen as one of the most effective tools for preventing dangerous encounters in Earth’s most heavily used orbital zones.
