According to Space News, China has launched the first batch of 12 satellites into orbit as part of its ambitious plan to build a vast space-based computing system called “Star Compute.” These satellites, developed by ADA Space, Zhijiang Laboratory, and the Neijiang High-Tech Zone, are part of the “Three-Body Computing Constellation.” Unlike traditional satellites that transmit raw data back to Earth for analysis, these advanced satellites can process and interpret the data they collect independently.
Each satellite is equipped with AI chips containing eight billion parameters and is capable of performing 744 tera operations per second (TOPS). Collectively, the 12 satellites can process up to five peta operations per second (POPS)—a stark contrast to the 40 TOPS typically required by a PC running Microsoft Copilot. China’s long-term goal is to build infrastructure that supports over 1,000 POPS.

The satellites communicate via high-speed laser links capable of 100 Gbps and share a combined data storage capacity of 30 terabytes. They also carry scientific instruments, including an X-ray polarization detector designed to observe brief cosmic phenomena like gamma-ray bursts. Beyond scientific research, the satellites can generate 3D digital models to support emergency response efforts, gaming, and tourism.
Using a space-based computing network eliminates delays caused by transmitting data to Earth and overcomes the bandwidth limitations of ground stations—currently, less than 10% of satellite data is successfully transmitted to Earth. Additionally, Harvard astronomer Jonathan McDowell notes that such systems can utilize solar energy and radiate heat into space, making them more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly.
China’s groundbreaking initiative could significantly reshape the future of global computing infrastructure. With both the U.S. and Europe expected to explore similar technologies, the race for orbital computing dominance has officially begun.