China’s Tiny 15mm Robot Sets New Speed Record, Outpacing Real Cockroaches

Researchers at Beihang University have introduced a groundbreaking microrobot, the BHMbot-B, designed to excel in navigating confined and complex environments. Measuring just 15 mm in length, the BHMbot-B demonstrates extraordinary agility and speed. Thanks to its innovative vibration mode transition system, it can move forward at 38.7 body lengths per second (BL/s) and backward even faster at 44 BL/s. This ability to efficiently switch between forward and backward motion without needing to turn makes the BHMbot-B ideal for tight spaces like tunnels or pipes, where traditional robots struggle to maneuver.

The BHMbot-B’s design centers on an electromagnetic actuator, a cantilever, and a four-bar linkage system. When powered by alternating current, the cantilever and magnet work in sync to generate motion. Depending on the vibratory mode, the robot swings its forelegs to create a forward or backward friction force, allowing it to change direction seamlessly. This method mimics the instinctive behavior of insects that retreat when faced with obstacles, adding to the robot’s effectiveness in navigating dead ends.

In addition to its impressive mobility, the BHMbot-B boasts a significant payload capacity. Despite its small size, it can carry loads up to 32 times its weight, such as batteries, micro cameras, or gyroscopes, while maintaining a speed of 3.2 BL/s. The inclusion of tiny rollers on its hind legs minimizes friction, enabling the robot to traverse various surfaces, including glass, sand, and curved tubes.

This microrobot’s potential applications are vast, ranging from inspection tasks in tight spaces to real-time imaging and data collection. Its untethered operation ensures flexibility, making it a practical solution for environments where traditional machines would risk structural damage or fail to operate. Researchers are already looking ahead to equip the BHMbot-B with environmental sensors and autonomous navigation systems, enhancing its utility further.

The team’s findings were published in Science Advances.